lab report experiment 6 sp025

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nak tanya...macam mana R theory tu dapat 27?

RE and SE tu stand for what?

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LAB Report 1 Aelaura Janis SP025

Physics (sp025), kolej matrikulasi labuan.

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Name: Aelaura Janis Matric no: MS Title: Experiment 1 Capacitor

Objective(s):

• To determine the time constant of an RC circuit
• To determine the capacitance of a capacitor sing an RC circuit.

The total charge, Q on each plate of a capacitor during the charging and

Discharging processes varies with time, t as shown in figure 1...

Discharging Q

0 Q o 00 τ t

During the charging process

Q= q o(1 e-t/ı ) 1..

During the discharging process

Q=Q e-t/ı 1.

where Q ois the initial amount of charge stored in a capacitor Q is the amount of charge at time t R is the resistance of a resistor C is the capacitance of a capacitor τ = RC is the time constant

During discharging, the magnitude of the current I varies with time as shown in Figure 1. .

From equation 1, the magnitude of the discharge current is

I=  i o eı 1..

• The circuit is set up as shown in figure 1 with switch S opened
• The microammeter for I˳ is red with switch S closed and I˳ recorded.
• The switch S and short circuit the capacitor is opened using a connecting wire so that the capacitor is fully discharged.
• Switch S is closed again to charge the capacitor so that the microammeter reading is back to I˳.
• The switch S is opened simultaneously and the stopwatch is started to measure the time t of discharged process. Get at least six to eight pairs of current I and time t of readings throughout the discharging the process until the current is about 0 I˳.
• The values for both I and t is tabulated.

7. The capacitor C 2 to the circuit as shown in figure 1 is connected.

8. Steps (3) to (6) is repeated to obtain the readings of the microammeter I’ and stopwatch t’ . The readings I’ and t’ is recorded and tabulated. 9. Graph of I against t and I’ against t’ using the same axes is plotted. 10. Determine the time constant Ʈ and Ʈ’ of the RC circuits.

11. The capacitanceof the two circuits using equation C = Ʈ𝐀

12. The value of C 2 is determined. 13. The value from step (12) with the actual value of C 2 is compared.

Observation:

Data tabulation:

Data 1: Capacitor in series

I 0 : (90±1)μa.

I (±1μA) Time, t (±0 s) t 1 t 2 tavg 80 13 13 13. 70 27 27 27. 60 43 43 43. 50 60 60 60. 40 90 90 90. 30 122 122 122. 20 164 164 164.

Data 2: Capacitor in parallel

I 0 : (92±1)μa.

I (±1μA) Time, t (±0 s) t 1 t 2 tavg 80 30 30 30. 70 56 56 56. 60 87 88 88. 50 130 130 130. 40 180 179 179. 30 243 244 243. 20 330 330 330.

Theoretical value of C 1 and C 2 is 1000μF.

Discussion Capacitor in series

Percentage error = 𝐀theoritical − C1𝐀theoritical × 100

−6) − (1×10−3)

1000×10−6 × 100

Percentage error = 𝐀theoritecal − c1𝐀theoritical × 100.

Comments: From this experiment, the values of the capacitance C 1 and C 2 are determined value of C 1 is 1× 10−3 F with a percentage error of 10% with the theoretical value being 1000μF the percentage error is only 10%, the experiment is considered successful. The value of C2 is 1× 10 −3 F with a percentage error of 8% and the theoretical value is 1000μF the percentage is less than 10%, hence the experiment is considered successful.

Precaution: Make sure the eyes of observer is perpendicular to the scale of microammeter while taking the readings to avoid parallax error.

Source of error:

• Reaction time of the observer to start and stop the stopwatch.
• The capacitor might not completely discharged when repeating the experiment.

Suggestion to overcome the error:

• The timer should be taken by a same person and repeat the reading more than once to get the average.
• Make sure that the capacitor is completely discharged by short circuiting the capacitor before starting the experiment.

Conclusion I) Based on this experiment, the values of time constant t and t’ are 110 s and 218 s. II) From the time constant, the values of C 1 and C 2 are 1× 10 −3 Fand 1× 10−3 F.

• Multiple Choice

Course : Physics (SP025)

University : kolej matrikulasi labuan.

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