boscastle case study a level

• 0 Shopping Cart £ 0.00 -->

Flood Management Scheme – Boscastle

A flood management scheme following the 2004 floods.

Why the Boscastle flood scheme required?

On the 16th August 2004, a devastating flood swept through Boscastle, a small village on the north Cornwall coast.

Very heavy rain fell in storms close to the village, with over 60mm of rainfall in two hours. The ground was already saturated due to above average rainfall during the previous two weeks. Combined with this the drainage basin has many steep slopes and there are areas of impermeable slate that led to rapid run-off. Boscastle is at the confluence (where tributaries meet) of three rivers – Valency, Jordan, and Paradise. About two billion litres of water then rushed down the valley straight into Boscastle within a short space of time causing the rivers to overflow. Additionally, the deluge of water coincided with a high tide.

As the flood happened so quickly local residents had little time to react. Cars were swept out to sea and buildings were badly damaged. Thankfully, no one lost their lives, which is largely due to a huge rescue operation involving helicopters. Million of pounds worth of damage was caused by the flood.

What was the management strategy?

In 2008 a flood management scheme for Boscastle was completed. The solution included both soft and hard engineering strategies.

The Environment Agency has made a considerable investment in flood defences in Boscastle to help prevent a similar flood happening in the future. Working with professional partners, more than £10 million of improvements were carried out. This included widening and deepening the Valency River, and installing a flood culvert to improve flow in the Jordan River.

River Valency Flood Management Scheme

The Met Office and Environment Agency have formed the first of several working partnerships, the Flood Forecasting Centre. Combining expertise in weather forecasting and hydrology has helped to prepare communities for flooding during times of extreme weather.

At the time of the floods, the operational forecast model had a resolution of 12 km, which was too large to be able to represent such a small scale collection of thunderstorms. Since 2004 the Boscastle case was re-run with a higher resolution research model which proved able to resolve the line of thunderstorms with much more accuracy and detail.

What are the social, economic and environmental issues?

Social issues.

The rebuilding projects and construction of flood defences took several years which meant the lives of local people were disrupted for sometime. The risk of flooding has been reduced making Boscastle safer. The defences would not protect against a flood the same size as the one in 2004. The new bridge is not popular with local people as it is out of character compared to the rest of the building.

Economic issues

The risk of flooding has been reduced. Therefore, there is less risk of damage to property and businesses. The flood-defence scheme cost over £4 million. However, the scheme could have been significantly better, though some options were too expensive.

Environmental issues

Biodiversity has improved as have the river habitats. Vegetation in the area is now managed.

Premium Resources

Please support internet geography.

If you've found the resources on this page useful please consider making a secure donation via PayPal to support the development of the site. The site is self-funded and your support is really appreciated.

Share this:

• Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window)
• Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window)
• Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window)
• Click to email a link to a friend (Opens in new window)
• Click to share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window)
• Click to print (Opens in new window)

If you've found the resources on this site useful please consider making a secure donation via PayPal to support the development of the site. The site is self-funded and your support is really appreciated.

Search Internet Geography

Latest Blog Entries

Pin It on Pinterest

• Click to share
• Print Friendly

Case Study – Boscastle Floods

Floods devastate village.

On 16 August 2004, a devastating flood swept through the small Cornish village of Boscastle.

Very heavy rain fell in storms close to the village, causing two rivers to burst their banks. About two billion litres of water then rushed down the valley straight into Boscastle.

Residents had little time to react. Cars were swept out to sea, buildings were badly damaged and people had to act quickly to survive. Fortunately, nobody died – thanks largely to a huge rescue operation involving helicopters — but there was millions of pounds worth of damage.

Physical Impacts

Responses to the flooding, what happened to cause this event.

Flooding On the day of the flood, about 75mm of rain fell in two hours — the same amount that normally falls in the whole of August. Huge amounts of water from this sudden downpour flowed into two rivers, the Valency and Jordan (which flows into the Valency just above Boscastle). Both overflowed, and this caused a sudden rush of water to speed down the Valency — which runs through the middle of Boscastle.

Destruction of houses, businesses and gardens Floodwater gushed into houses, shops and pubs. Cars, walls and even bridges were washed away. The church was filled with six feet of mud and water. Trees were uprooted and swept into peoples’ gardens. The weight of water eroded river banks, damaged gardens and pavements.

Human Impacts There was a huge financial cost to the floods. This included:

• the rescue operation – involving helicopters, lifeboats, and the fire service.
• the loss of 50 cars
• damage to homes, businesses and land
• a loss of tourism, a major source of income for the area

The flooding also had several other key impacts on Boscastle and its inhabitants. These included:

• environmental damage to local wildlife habitats
• coastal pollution caused as debris and fuel from cars flowed out to sea.
• long-term disruption to the village, as a major rebuild project had to be carried out.
• long-term stress and anxiety to people traumatised by the incident.
• John Prescott, the Deputy Prime Minister, and Prince Charles visited members of the emergency services and the local GP surgery, which acted as the emergency centre, in the days following the disaster.
• Prince Charles, who is the Duke of Cornwall, made a large donation to a fund to help rebuild parts of Boscastle.
• The Environment Agency is responsible for warning people about floods and reducing the likelihood of future floods. The Environment Agency has carried a major project to increase flood defences in Boscastle, with the aim of preventing a similar flood happening again.
• We are investing in new ways of predicting heavy rainfall events on a small scale to produce better warnings.

In Pictures

Weather chart

Radar imagery

Fig. 2 shows radar pictures at 12 p.m. (midday)  on 16 August.

The rainfall rate key shows how the colours in the image relate to the rate the rainfall is falling. For example, the red areas indicate that rain is falling at between eight and 16 mm per hour.

A line of very heavy rain starts at about 1 p.m. on the moors close to Boscastle. It remains over the area for about six hours. Rainfall rates of at least 32 mm per hour are being measured.

There is more about  rainfall radar  in the weather section of the Met Office website.

Satellite imagery Fig. 3 shows an animation of satellite pictures from 12 p.m. (midday) to 7 p.m. on 16 August.

The thickest cloud is shown by the brightest white areas on the picture. The pictures show cloud forming over Boscastle at about 1 p.m. and staying there for much of the afternoon.

Further information on other websites BBC News website covering the Boscastle flooding BBC News article – Boscastle one year on

Boscastle 16 August 2004 the day of the flood , 2006, Galvin, 61, 29

Web page reproduced with the kind permission of  the Met Office

Start exploring

• Search Resources
• All Levels Primary Secondary Geography Secondary Maths Secondary Science
• Choose a topic All Topics Air Masses Anticyclones Carbon Cycle Climate Climate Change Climate Zones Clouds Contour Coriolis Depressions El Nino Extreme Weather Flooding Front Global Atmospheric Circulation Hydrological Cycle Microclimates Past Climate Snow Synoptic Charts Tropical Cyclones Urban Heat Island Water Cycle Weather Weather Forecast Weather Map Weather System
• All Climate Change Adaptation Afforestation Agriculture air quality aircraft Albedo Anthropocene anthropogenic Arctic/ Antarctic Biodiversity Biosphere Carbon cycle Carbon dioxide removal/ sequestration Carbon footprint Carbon sinks Causes Climate Climate Crisis/ Emergency Climate justice Climate literacy climate stripes/ visualisation Climate zone shift clouds CO2/ carbon dioxide emissions COP Cryosphere Deforestation Desertification Ecosystems Electric vehicles Energy Equity Evidence Extreme weather Feedback loops Fire weather Flood defences Flooding/ flood risk Fossil fuels Fuel security Global energy budget/ balance Green climate fund Greenhouse effect Greenhouse gas concentrations Heatwaves/ extreme heat Hydroelectric power Ice sheets Impacts IPCC Keeling curve Mitigation Modelling Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) Natural variability Nature based solutions Negotiations Net zero Nuclear power Observations Ocean acidification Ocean warming Per capita emissions Proxy records Regional climate change Renewable/ non fossil fuel energy Scenarios Schools Strike for Climate Society Solar energy Solutions Storms Temperature/ global warming Tipping points Transport Tropical cyclones Uneven impacts UNFCCC/ governance Urban green infrastructure Urban heat Urbanisation Water cycle Water security Water vapour (H2O) concentrations Weather Wild fires Wind power
• Choose an age range All ages Primary    0 to 7    7 to 11 Secondary    11 to 14    14 to 16    16 to 18

Latest from blog

Climate change in aqa gcses, when will it snow, weather and climate in classroom physics, new resource – climate change in azerbaijan, related resources ….

Case Study – Hurricane Katrina

IPCC 2013 FAQs

9. Water in the Atmosphere

What is the Weather

Subscribe to metlink updates, weather and climate resources and events for teachers.

© 2024 Royal Meteorological Society RMetS is a registered charity No. 208222

About MetLink   Cookies Policy   Privacy Policy Safeguarding Policy

• We use cookies on this site to enhance your user experienceBy clicking any link on this page you are giving your consent for us to set cookies. More info
• Strictly Necessary Cookies

By clicking any link on this page you are giving your consent for us to set cookies. More info

Strictly Necessary Cookie should be enabled at all times so that we can save your preferences for cookie settings.

If you disable this cookie, we will not be able to save your preferences. This means that every time you visit this website you will need to enable or disable cookies again.

Skip to content

Get Revising

Join get revising, already a member.

Case study: Boscastle Flood

Case study on the Boscastle flood

Teacher recommended

• Case studies
• Created by: Gabzay
• Created on: 24-04-13 12:41
• Improve culvert to carry more excess water away after heavy rain
• Widen and lower River Valency so it has more capacity to carry water
• Allows river to deposit large sediment before it reaches the village
• Raise the height of the car park and add barriers to prevent cars from washing away
• Build houses on raised platforms
• Replace low bridge (which acted like a dam) with a high bridge
• Debris grills placed at entrances of culverts and along edge of forests facing onto the river
• Flood warning box which sends information to the Environment Agency
• 116 cars swept away - 32 never seen again
• 58 properties flooded - 4 swept away
• 4 foot bridges swept away
• Sewage system overwhelmed by volumes of water
• Emergency services were overwhelmed
• 23,000 properties lost power
• 300 metres worth of sewer pipes were blocked or washed away
• Issues flood warnings, forecasts and implements major incident plans
• Local authorities
• Co-ordinate emergency response in major floods
• Helps save lives and property
• Rescues people trapped by flood water
• Can pump water out of buildings
• Volunteer-run weather station
• Most widespread and long lasting flood (172 days of rain)
• Embankments along river sides failed to protect from flooding
• England's wettest year since records began in 1910
• 200mm of rain in 24 hours - mostly over a 5 hour period
• Peak intensity of rainfall was 300mm per hour
• Very localised storm
• Tarmacked (e.g. Old Road) / parking areas acted as false river beds creating flash floods
• 16th August 2004
• Convergence of River Jordan and River Valencey is in centre of Boscastle
• Trough (localised rain and thunderstorms) hung over Bostcastle
• Geology - underlying rock is granite which is impermeable leading to high levels of run-off
• Many micro-climates because it is a hilly area
• The shorter the lag time, the more likely the flood
• Creates channels which increase the speed rainwater reaches rivers
• Particularly on flood plains
• Impermeable surfaces reduce infiltration and increase run-off into drains and rivers
• Increases run-off
• E.g. destruction of wetlands and grasslands, deforestation

Report Tue 21st May, 2013 @ 14:49

Report Sun 15th December, 2013 @ 21:46

A decent factual case study. Effectively categorized into "Cause", "Effect" etc. Add to your Rivers, Floods and Management revision materials.

Report Sat 15th March, 2014 @ 15:45

Report Tue 3rd March, 2020 @ 10:40

That is sooooooo useful 

Similar Geography resources:

Hydrology Notes - G1 WJEC 0.0 / 5

hydrological change - Flooding - MEDC Case study 0.0 / 5

Hydrology revision WJEC UNIT 1 0.0 / 5

Geography Physical Case Studies 5.0 / 5 based on 2 ratings

River Case Studies 0.0 / 5

Hydrology Case Study 0.0 / 5

Rivers revision cards powerpoint 5.0 / 5 based on 1 rating Teacher recommended

Impact of human activities on flooding 5.0 / 5 based on 5 ratings

Floods & Hyrdographs 3.5 / 5 based on 2 ratings

AQA GCSE Geography

Case study: flood management in boscastle, cornwall.

In August 2004, the village of Boscastle in Cornwall experienced a devastating flash flood due to an intense downpour that lasted for several hours. This unfortunate event highlighted the importance of implementing effective flood management strategies.

Let’s look into the specific measures that were taken to prevent similar disasters in the future:

Hard Engineering Strategies

Hard engineering strategies involve constructing physical structures to help control and manage the flow of rivers.

Expanding the River Channel

The river channel in Boscastle was both widened and deepened to increase its capacity. This change allows the river to hold a larger volume of water during heavy rainfall, therefore decreasing the risk of overflow and potential flooding.

Replacing Narrow Bridges with Wider Ones

The existing low bridges were replaced with wider ones. Low bridges often act as barriers, causing an accumulation of vegetation and debris, which obstructs water flow and increases flood risks.

The newer, wider bridges facilitate smoother water flow, reducing the likelihood of blockages and the resulting flooding.

Elevating the Car Park and Installing Permeable Surfaces

To counter the threat of floods carrying away vehicles, the car park level was raised. In this case, permeable materials were used for the surface to allow water to infiltrate the ground.

This decreases surface runoff and prevents water accumulation, which helps to protect property and human lives by minimising the impact of floodwaters.

Soft Engineering Strategies

Soft engineering strategies aim to work with natural processes to manage flood risk.

Tree Management

In Boscastle, tree management was important in reducing blockages and channel obstructions during floods.

Dead trees, which could potentially be swept away causing obstructions, especially under bridges, were removed. Also, landowners were encouraged to maintain existing vegetation and plant new trees. This not only stabilises the soil but also helps absorb excess water.

You’ve used 10 of your 10 free revision notes for the month

Sign up to get unlimited access to revision notes, quizzes, audio lessons and more.

Last updated: April 27th, 2024

Please read these terms and conditions carefully before using our services.

Definitions

For these Terms and Conditions:

• Affiliate means an entity that controls, is controlled by or is under common control with a party, where “control” means ownership of 50% or more of the shares, equity interest or other securities entitled to vote for the election of directors or other managing authority.
• Account means a unique account created for you to access our services or some of our services.
• Country refers to the United Kingdom
• Company refers to Shalom Education Ltd, 86 London Road, (Kingsland Church), Colchester, Essex, CO3 9DW, and may be referred to as ‘we’, ‘us’, ‘our’, or ‘Shalom Education’ in this agreement.
• Device means any device that can access the Service, such as a computer, a mobile phone or a digital tablet.
• Feedback means feedback, innovations or suggestions sent by You regarding the attributes, performance or features of our service.
• Free Trial refers to a limited period of time that may be free when purchasing a subscription.
• Orders mean a request by you to purchase services or resources from us.
• Promotions refer to contests, sweepstakes or other promotions offered by us through our website or official social media platforms.
• Services refer to our website, resources and tutoring service.
• Subscriptions refer to the services or access to the service offered on a subscription basis by the company to you.
• Terms and Conditions (also referred to as “Terms”) mean these Terms and Conditions that form the entire agreement between you and Shalom Education Ltd regarding the use of the services we offer.
• Third-party Social Media Service means any services or content (including data, information, products or services) provided by a third party that may be displayed, included or made available on the website.
• Website refers to Shalom-education.com, accessible from  https://www.shalom-education.com
• You means the individual accessing or using our services, or the company, or other legal entity on behalf of which such individual is accessing or using our services.
• Tutor refers to an individual that teaches a single pupil or a small group of students which have registered with Shalom Education Ltd.
• Tutee refers to a student or a pupil that has registered for tutoring with Shalom Education Ltd, which is administered through our tutoring platform.

Acknowledgement

Thank you for choosing Shalom Education Tuition for your educational needs. These terms and conditions outline the rules and regulations for the use of our services, and the agreement that will govern your relationship with us.

By accessing or using our services, you accept and agree to be bound by these terms and conditions, and our  privacy policy , which describes our policies and procedures for the collection, use, and disclosure of your personal information when you use our website.

It is important that you read both documents carefully before using our services, as they outline your rights and obligations as a user of our services. If you do not agree to these terms and conditions or our privacy policy, please do not use our services. We hope you have a positive and educational experience with Shalom Education Tuition.

Signing up for Tutoring or Membership Accounts

By signing up for tutoring or membership accounts through the website, you confirm that you have the legal ability to enter into a binding contract.

Your information

When you place an order, we may ask you to provide certain information, such as your name, email, phone number, credit card details and billing address.

You confirm that you have the right to use the payment method you choose, and that the information you provide is accurate and complete. By submitting your information, you give us permission to share it with payment processing third parties to complete your order.

Order cancellation

We reserve the right to cancel your order at any time for various reasons, including but not limited to:

• Unavailability of services (e.g. no tutors available)
• Errors in the description or prices of services
• Errors in your order
• Suspected fraud or illegal activity

Cancelling your order

Any services that you purchase can only be returned in accordance with these terms and conditions. Our Returns Policy forms a part of these Terms and Conditions.

In general, you have the right to cancel your order and receive a full refund within 14 days of placing it. However, you cannot cancel an order for services that are made to your specifications or are clearly personalised, or for services that you have already received in part.

Money-Back Guarantee: If you are not satisfied with the quality of your tutoring session, you may be eligible for a full or partial refund or credit. To request a refund or credit, please contact us within 24 hours after the end of the session and provide a detailed explanation of your dissatisfaction. We will review your request and, if approved, will issue a refund or credit to your account.

• Please note that refunds or credits may not be available for all types of tutoring services and may be subject to fees or other charges. For more information, please contact us.

Errors and inaccuracies

We strive to provide accurate and up-to-date information about the service we offer, but we cannot guarantee that everything will be completely accurate and up-to-date at all times. Prices, product images, descriptions, availability, and services may be inaccurate, incomplete, or out of date.

We reserve the right to change or update any information, and to correct errors, inaccuracies, or omissions at any time without prior notice.

Prices policy

We reserve the right to change our prices at any time before accepting your order.

All tutoring services and membership accounts purchased on our website must be paid for in full at the time of purchase, for the required time of use. We accept a variety of payment methods, including credit cards, debit cards, and online payment services like PayPal.

Your payment card may be subject to validation checks and authorisation by your card issuer. If we do not receive the necessary authorisation, we cannot be held responsible for any delays or failure to deliver your order.

Subscriptions

Subscription period.

Our tutoring services are available with a pay-as-you-go option or a subscription option that is billed on a monthly or annual basis. The tutoring account subscription will end at the end of the period. You can choose the subscription option that best suits your needs and cancel at any time.

Our membership accounts are billed monthly or annually and do not automatically renew after the period. You can choose to renew your membership account at the end of the period if you wish to continue your membership.

Subscription cancellations (tutoring services)

You can cancel your tutoring subscription renewal by contacting us at [email protected].

You can cancel your learning resources subscription renewal through your account settings or by contacting us at [email protected].

Please note that you will not receive a refund for fees you have already paid for your current subscription period, and you will be able to access the service until the end of your current subscription period.

We need accurate and complete billing information from you, including your full name, address, postal code, telephone number, and a valid payment method. If automatic billing fails, you will not receive tutoring services until a payment is made. If payment is not made within a reasonable time period, your account may be terminated.

Fee changes

We reserve the right to modify the subscription fees at any time. Any change in fees will take effect at the end of your current subscription period.

We will give you reasonable notice of any fee changes so you have the opportunity to cancel your subscription before the changes take effect. If you continue to use the service after the fee change, you agree to pay the modified amount.

In general, paid subscription fees are non-refundable. However, we may consider certain refund requests on a case-by-case basis and grant them at our discretion.

We may offer free trials of our subscriptions at our discretion. You may be asked to provide billing information to sign up for a free trial. If you do provide billing information, you will not be charged until the free trial period ends.

On the last day of the free trial, unless you have cancelled your subscription, you will be automatically charged the applicable subscription fees for the plan you have chosen. We reserve the right to modify or cancel free trial offers at any time without notice.

From time to time, we may offer promotions through the Service, such as discounts, special offers, or contests. These promotions may be governed by separate rules and regulations.

If you choose to participate in a promotion, please review the applicable rules and our privacy policy carefully. In the event of a conflict between the promotion rules and these terms and conditions, the promotion rules will take precedence.

Please note that any promotion may be modified or discontinued at any time, and we reserve the right to disqualify any participant who violates the rules or engages in fraudulent or dishonest behaviour. By participating in a promotion, you agree to be bound by the applicable rules and our decisions, which are final and binding in all matters related to the promotion.

User Accounts

In order to access certain features of our services, you may be required to create an account. When you create an account, you agree to provide accurate, complete, and current information about yourself as prompted by the account registration process. If you provide any false, inaccurate, outdated, or incomplete information, or if we have reasonable grounds to suspect that you have done so, we reserve the right to suspend or terminate your account.

You are solely responsible for maintaining the confidentiality of your account and password, and you agree to accept responsibility for all activities that occur under your account. If you believe that your account has been compromised or that there has been any unauthorised access to it, you must notify us immediately.

You may not use a username that is already in use by another user, that belongs to another person or entity without appropriate authorisation, or that is offensive, vulgar, or obscene. We reserve the right to remove or reclaim any username that we determine, in our sole discretion, to be inappropriate, infringing, or otherwise in violation of these terms and conditions.

Tutee Agreements

As a tutee using our service, you agree to the following terms and conditions:

• If you are under 18 years of age, you must have consent from a parent or guardian to register and that parent/guardian must enter into an agreement with Shalom Education to provide tuition services.
• You must contact a tutor through the Shalom Education tutoring platform. Any other means of communication is prohibited.
• You agree not to publish any abusive comments about a tutor or another tutee on the Shalom Education website or any other place. This includes defamatory or derogatory comments.
• You must not request a tutor to complete your coursework, essays, or other assignments given to you in your various schools but can request for support towards that.
• You agree not to make any agreement or arrangement with a tutor which is intended to circumvent the relationship between Shalom Education and the Tutor.

Expectations

• Lessons will be held at the frequency and duration agreed upon with us.
• Shalom Education will provide any necessary materials or resources for the lessons.
• You are expected to be punctual for lessons and to provide adequate notice for cancellations or rescheduling.
• You are expected to provide any necessary materials or resources for the lessons (e.g. pens, pencils or a protractor).

Responsibilities

• If you cancel a lesson less than 12 hours before the lesson is due to commence, you may be charged a cancellation fee of 50% of the lesson fee. If you cancel a lesson less than 2 hours before the scheduled start time of a lesson, you will be charged the full lesson fee.

Dispute Resolution

• If you have any concerns or issues with your tutoring experience, please contact us at [email protected] as soon as possible. We will work with you and your tutor to try to resolve any disputes or issues in a fair and reasonable manner.

Termination

• You may terminate your lessons with a tutor at any time by providing reasonable notice, as specified in your contract with us.

By using our service, you acknowledge that you have read and understand this agreement and agree to be bound by its terms. If you have any questions or concerns, please do not hesitate to contact us.

• Revision Notes
• Unlimited Quizzes
• Audio Content
• Progress Tracking
• No Advertisements

Hi there! Want to study 2x more effectively?

Sign up now for exclusive access to interactive quizzes, audio lessons and more educational tools..

Sign me up!

Last updated: December 27, 2022

• Orders mean a request by you to purchase services from us.
• Promotions refer to contests, sweepstakes or other promotions offered by us through the website.
• Tutor refers to an individual who teaches a single pupil or a small group of students who have registered with Shalom Education Ltd.
• Tutee refers to a student or a pupil who has registered for tutoring with Shalom Education Ltd, which is administered through our tutoring platform.

When you place an order, we may ask you to provide certain information, such as your name, email, phone number, credit card details, and billing address.

Subscription cancellations

You can cancel your subscription renewal through your account settings or by contacting us. Please note that you will not receive a refund for fees you have already paid for your current subscription period, and you will be able to access the service until the end of your current subscription period.

We need accurate and complete billing information from you, including your full name, address, postal code, telephone number, and valid payment method. If automatic billing fails, you will not receive tutoring services until a payment is made. If payment is not made within a reasonable time period, your account may be terminated.

Tutor Agreements

As a tutor working with Shalom Education, you agree to the following terms and conditions:

Tutor relationships

• You are at least eighteen years of age and have the necessary qualifications and/or experience to provide tuition in the subjects specified on your CV.
• You will not make any agreements with a tutee, any member of the tutee’s family, or the tutee’s guardian that are intended to circumvent the relationship between our service and the tutee and to benefit you at our expense. This includes the exchange of private information (e.g. phone numbers, emails or social media accounts etc).
• You will not, during the period of any tutoring session with a tutee and for a period of six months from the conclusion of the last tutoring session, give any tuition services to that tutee.
• You will use our platform as your only means of communication with tutees, and any other methods are strictly prohibited.
• You will not be abusive towards a tutee or their nominee on our website or any other place.
• You are expected to maintain a professional and respectful relationship with tutees at all times.
• You will not engage in any inappropriate or illegal behaviour while working with tutees, including but not limited to harassment or discrimination.
• You are expected to follow all applicable laws and regulations while providing tutoring services.

Tutor responsibilities

• You will not complete any coursework, essays, or other assignments on behalf of the tutee. However, you can offer support.
• You will be punctual and communicate with us if you are running late or need to reschedule a lesson.
• You are expected to provide high-quality tutoring services to tutees, including preparing appropriate lesson plans.
• You will be responsible for ensuring that you have the necessary resources and equipment to provide effective tutoring services, such as a reliable internet connection and computer if tutoring online.
• You will be expected to keep confidential any personal or sensitive information that you may learn about a tutee while working with them.

Tutor compensation

• You will not request or accept any payments from a tutee, or their nominee.
• The company reserves the right to withhold payment to tutors if it believes lessons are being booked outside our platform.
• The company will pay you a fee for your tutoring services according to the rates agreed between you and the company.
• The company will be responsible for collecting payment from the tutee.
• If you are self-employed, we expect you to provide us with your UTR number and you are expected to pay your own tax to HMRC

Tutor termination

• As a tutor working with the company, you may terminate your relationship with a tutee at any time by providing reasonable notice.
• The company may also terminate your relationship with a tutee at any time, for any reason, such as if the tutee is no longer in need of tutoring services or if the tutee expresses dissatisfaction with your services.
• The company may terminate your use of its service if you breach any of the terms and conditions outlined in this agreement.
• The company may also terminate your use of its service if it determines that you are no longer fit to provide tutoring services or if it receives multiple complaints about your performance.

Copyright Policy

We respect the intellectual property rights of others and expect our users to do the same. It is our policy to respond to any claim that content posted on our service infringes the copyright or other intellectual property rights of any person.

If you are a copyright owner or authorised on behalf of one and you believe that your copyrighted work has been copied in a way that constitutes copyright infringement, please provide our copyright agent with the following information:

• An electronic or physical signature of the person authorised to act on behalf of the owner of the copyright’s interests.
• A description of the copyrighted work that you claim has been infringed, including the URL (web page address) of the location where the copyrighted work exists or a copy of the copyrighted work.
• Identification of the URL or other specific location on our service where the material that you claim is infringing is located.
• Your address, telephone number, and email address.
• A statement by you that you have a good faith belief that the disputed use is not authorized by the copyright owner, its agent, or the law.
• A statement by you, made under penalty of perjury, that the information in your notice is accurate and that you are the copyright owner or are authorised to act on the copyright owner’s behalf.

You may be held accountable for damages (including costs and attorneys’ fees) for misrepresenting that any content is infringing your copyright.

Upon receipt of a notification, we will take whatever action, in our sole discretion, we deem appropriate, including removal of the challenged content from our service. If you believe that your content has been removed in error, please contact us at  [email protected] .

Intellectual Property

The original content on our services (excluding content provided by you or other users), features, and functionality are and will remain the exclusive property of Shalom Education Ltd and its licensors. This includes, but is not limited to, text, graphics, images, logos, software, and other materials on our website and any proprietary technology used in the operation of our services.

Our service is protected by copyright, trademark, and other laws of both the United Kingdom and foreign countries. Our trademarks and trade dress may not be used in connection with any product or service without the prior written consent of Shalom Education Ltd. All other trademarks not owned by Shalom Education Ltd that appear on our service are the property of their respective owners.

By using our service, you acknowledge and agree that any intellectual property rights, including copyrights, trademarks, patents, and trade secrets, in the content and materials provided by Shalom Education Ltd or accessed through our service are the sole property of Shalom Education Ltd or the respective owners of such rights. You agree not to use, reproduce, modify, distribute, or create derivative works of such content and materials without the express written permission of Shalom Education Ltd or the respective owners of such rights.

You are responsible for protecting your own intellectual property rights and for obtaining any necessary licenses or permissions from the owners of any third-party intellectual property that you may use in connection with your use of our service. Shalom Education Ltd will not be liable for any claims or damages arising from your use of intellectual property that infringes the rights of others.

If you believe that your intellectual property rights have been violated on our service, please contact us at  [email protected] .

Your Feedback to Us

By submitting any feedback or suggestions to the company, you agree to assign to the company all rights, titles, and interests in such feedback or suggestions. If for any reason such assignment is ineffective, you agree to grant the company a non-exclusive, perpetual, irrevocable, royalty-free, worldwide right and license to use, reproduce, disclose, sublicense, distribute, modify, and exploit such feedback or suggestions without restriction.

You acknowledge that the company may use your feedback or suggestions for any purpose, including to improve the company’s products or services, and that the company is under no obligation to compensate you for your feedback or suggestions.

Links to Other Websites

Our Service may contain links to third-party websites or services that are not owned or controlled by Shalom Education Ltd. These links are provided for your convenience only and do not imply endorsement by our business of the linked website or service. We have no control over and assume no responsibility for the content, privacy policies, or practices of any third-party websites or services.

By using our Service, you acknowledge and agree that the use of any third-party websites or services is at your own risk. Shalom Education Ltd does not endorse or guarantee the accuracy or reliability of any content or materials on third-party websites or services, and we are not responsible for any errors or omissions.

In no event will Shalom Education Ltd be liable for any damage or loss caused or alleged to be caused by or in connection with the use of or reliance on any content, goods, or services available on or through any third-party websites or services. This limitation of liability applies to all claims.

We recommend that you carefully read the terms and conditions and privacy policies of any third-party websites or services that you visit, as they may differ from the terms and policies of our own services. If you have any concerns or questions about a third-party website or service linked from our service, we encourage you to contact the site or service directly for more information.

Shalom Education Ltd reserves the right to terminate or suspend your account at any time, without prior notice or liability, for any reason whatsoever, including but not limited to breach of these terms and conditions, fraudulent or illegal activity, or any other conduct that we deem inappropriate or harmful to our business or other users.

Upon termination, your right to use our services will immediately cease, and any outstanding balances or fees owed to Shalom Education Ltd must be paid in full. If you wish to terminate your account, you may simply stop using our services and contact us to request the closure of your account.

Any personal information or user-generated content associated with your account will be retained in accordance with our privacy policy, unless otherwise required by law.

You acknowledge and agree that Shalom Education Ltd will not be liable to you or any third party for any termination of your access to our services. You further agree that any rights or obligations that survive the termination of your account, such as indemnification or confidentiality obligations, will remain in effect.

“AS IS” and “AS AVAILABLE” Disclaimer

The service is provided to you “As is” and “As available” and with all faults and defects without warranty of any kind. While we make every effort to ensure the accuracy and reliability of our services, we cannot guarantee that they will be error-free or uninterrupted.

To the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, our business and its affiliates and licensors and service providers disclaim all warranties, expressed or implied, including but not limited to warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, title and non-infringement. We do not make any representations or warranties that our services will meet your requirements, achieve any intended results, be compatible with any other software or services, operate without interruption, or be error-free.

We do not guarantee the accuracy, completeness, reliability, or timeliness of the information, content, or materials provided through our services.

We do not guarantee that our services or any content or materials provided through our services will be free from viruses, malware, or other harmful components. It is your responsibility to protect your device and system from such threats, and we recommend that you use appropriate security measures and virus protection software.

Some jurisdictions do not allow the exclusion of certain types of warranties or limitations on the applicable statutory rights of a consumer, so some or all of the above exclusions and limitations may not apply to you. In such cases, the exclusions and limitations set forth in this section shall be applied to the greatest extent enforceable under applicable law.

By using our services, you acknowledge and agree that your use is at your own risk, and that you are solely responsible for any damage or loss that may result from your use of our services.

Governing Law and Jurisdiction

These terms and your use of the service shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the country, excluding its conflicts of law rules. Any disputes arising out of or in connection with these terms or the use of the service shall be resolved through the courts of the country and you hereby consent to the exclusive jurisdiction of such courts.

Disputes Resolution

If you have any concerns or disputes related to the service, you agree to try to resolve the issue informally by contacting us first.

You can try contacting the company through email ([email protected]) or by phone (01206657616) to see if we can come to an agreement or find a solution to your issue. This can be a quick and effective way to address any concerns or issues you may have, without the need for formal legal proceedings.

We will make every effort to address your concerns and reach a mutually satisfactory resolution. If we are unable to resolve the dispute informally, you may choose to bring the matter to alternative dispute resolution through a mediator or arbitrator. Any such alternative dispute resolution proceedings will be conducted in accordance with the laws of the country and will be confidential. You agree that any such dispute will be resolved on an individual basis and that class or collective actions are not permitted.

Severability and Waiver

Severability.

If any provision of these terms and conditions is found to be invalid or unenforceable, that provision will be enforced to the maximum extent possible, and the remaining provisions will remain in full force and effect.

The failure to exercise a right or to require the performance of an obligation under these terms and conditions shall not affect a party’s ability to exercise such right or require such performance at any time in the future. Similarly, the waiver of a breach of these terms and conditions shall not constitute a waiver of any subsequent breach.

Changes to These Terms and Conditions

We may update or change these terms and conditions at any time, at our sole discretion. If we make a material change to these terms, we will provide reasonable notice, such as by posting a notification on our website or through email, at least 30 days before the change takes effect. It is your responsibility to regularly check these terms and conditions for any updates or changes.

By continuing to access or use our Service after any updates or changes to these terms, you agree to be bound by the revised terms. If you do not agree to the updated or changed terms, in whole or in part, please stop using the website and our services.

If you have any questions about these terms and conditions, You can contact us:

• By email: [email protected]
• By visiting this page on our website: https://www.shalom-education.com/contact-us
• By phone number: 01206657616

Username or Email Address

Remember Me

Registration confirmation will be emailed to you.

• TOP CATEGORIES
• AS and A Level
• University Degree
• International Baccalaureate
• Uncategorised
• 5 Star Essays
• Study Tools
• Study Guides
• Meet the Team
• Global Interdependence & Economic Transition

Flooding in Boscastle

This is a preview of the whole essay

Document details.

• Word Count 1144
• Page Count 3
• Level AS and A Level
• Subject Geography

Related Essays

Why did the chinese writer dai quing spent 10 months in jail, compare the effectiveness of strategies to reduce poverty in the uk and in..., find out mountain communities try to reduce the problems cause by developme..., using case studies from dcs and ldcs, assess the impacts of tropical cyclon....

Flooding Case Study: Consequences of Boscastle

Consequences of the boscastle flash flood in 2004.

There were immediate and long-term consequences of the Boscastle flash flood that happened on 16th August, 2004. These consequences included:

Decreased tourism

• The flood happened during the peak season for tourism.
• People think that the flood cost the town £50 million in damage and lost income.

Flood damage

• 58 properties were flooded. 4 of these were destroyed.
• 150 cars were swept away.
• Roads and bridges were destroyed.

Evacuation was difficult

• Evacuation was difficult because the flooding happened so fast.
• 100 people were airlifted to safety.

Environmental pollution

• Environmental pollution happened as a result of about 150 cars being transported by the floodwater into the sea. 30 cars were swept out to sea.
• 1,850 tonnes of flood debris were recovered from the surrounding area.

Illness and injury

• Nobody was seriously injured. Most of the harm was due to stress and mental health.

1 Geography Skills

1.1 Mapping

1.1.1 Map Making

1.1.2 OS Maps

1.1.3 Grid References

1.1.4 Contour Lines

1.1.5 Symbols, Scale and Distance

1.1.6 Directions on Maps

1.1.7 Describing Routes

1.1.8 Map Projections

1.1.9 Aerial & Satellite Images

1.1.10 Using Maps to Make Decisions

1.2 Geographical Information Systems

1.2.1 Geographical Information Systems

1.2.2 How do Geographical Information Systems Work?

1.2.3 Using Geographical Information Systems

1.2.4 End of Topic Test - Geography Skills

2 Geology of the UK

2.1 The UK's Rocks

2.1.1 The UK's Main Rock Types

2.1.2 The UK's Landscape

2.1.3 Using Rocks

2.1.4 Weathering

2.2 Case Study: The Peak District

2.2.1 The Peak District

2.2.2 Limestone Landforms

2.2.3 Quarrying

3 Geography of the World

3.1 Geography of America & Europe

3.1.1 North America

3.1.2 South America

3.1.3 Europe

3.1.4 The European Union

3.1.5 The Continents

3.1.6 The Oceans

3.1.7 Longitude

3.1.8 Latitude

3.1.9 End of Topic Test - Geography of the World

4 Development

4.1 Development

4.1.1 Classifying Development

4.1.3 Evaluation of GDP

4.1.4 The Human Development Index

4.1.5 Population Structure

4.1.6 Developing Countries

4.1.7 Emerging Countries

4.1.8 Developed Countries

4.1.9 Comparing Development

4.2 Uneven Development

4.2.1 Consequences of Uneven Development

4.2.2 Physical Factors Affecting Development

4.2.3 Historic Factors Affecting Development

4.2.4 Human & Social Factors Affecting Development

4.2.5 Breaking Out of the Poverty Cycle

4.3 Case Study: Democratic Republic of Congo

4.3.1 The DRC: An Overview

4.3.2 Political & Social Factors Affecting Development

4.3.3 Environmental Factors Affecting the DRC

4.3.4 The DRC: Aid

4.3.5 The Pros & Cons of Aid in DRC

4.3.6 Top-Down vs Bottom-Up in DRC

4.3.7 The DRC: Comparison with the UK

4.3.8 The DRC: Against Malaria Foundation

4.4 Case Study: Nigeria

4.4.1 The Importance & Development of Nigeria

4.4.2 Nigeria's Relationships with the Rest of the World

4.4.3 Urban Growth in Lagos

4.4.4 Population Growth in Lagos

4.4.5 Factors influencing Nigeria's Growth

4.4.6 Nigeria: Comparison with the UK

5 Weather & Climate

5.1 Weather

5.1.1 Weather & Climate

5.1.2 Components of Weather

5.1.3 Temperature

5.1.4 Sunshine, Humidity & Air Pressure

5.1.5 Cloud Cover

5.1.6 Precipitation

5.1.7 Convectional Precipitation

5.1.8 Frontal Precipitation

5.1.9 Relief or Orographic Precipitation

5.1.10 Wind

5.1.11 Extreme Wind

5.1.12 Recording the Weather

5.1.13 Extreme Weather

5.2 Climate

5.2.1 Climate of the British Isles

5.2.2 Comparing Weather & Climate London

5.2.3 Climate of the Tropical Rainforest

5.2.4 End of Topic Test - Weather & Climate

5.3 Tropical Storms

5.3.1 Formation of Tropical Storms

5.3.2 Features of Tropical Storms

5.3.3 The Structure of Tropical Storms

5.3.4 Tropical Storms Case Study: Katrina Effects

5.3.5 Tropical Storms Case Study: Katrina Responses

6 The World of Work

6.1 Tourism

6.1.1 Landscapes

6.1.2 The Growth of Tourism

6.1.3 Benefits of Tourism

6.1.4 Economic Costs of Tourism

6.1.5 Social, Cultural & Environmental Costs of Tourism

6.1.6 Tourism Case Study: Blackpool

6.1.7 Ecotourism

6.1.8 Tourism Case Study: Kenya

7 Natural Resources

7.1.1 What are Rocks?

7.1.2 Types of Rock

7.1.4 The Rock Cycle - Weathering

7.1.5 The Rock Cycle - Erosion

7.1.6 What is Soil?

7.1.7 Soil Profiles

7.1.8 Water

7.1.9 Global Water Demand

7.2 Fossil Fuels

7.2.1 Introduction to Fossil Fuels

7.2.2 Fossil Fuels

7.2.3 The Global Energy Supply

7.2.5 What is Peak Oil?

7.2.6 End of Topic Test - Natural Resources

8.1 River Processes & Landforms

8.1.1 Overview of Rivers

8.1.2 The Bradshaw Model

8.1.3 Erosion

8.1.4 Sediment Transport

8.1.5 River Deposition

8.1.6 River Profiles: Long Profiles

8.1.7 River Profiles: Cross Profiles

8.1.8 Waterfalls & Gorges

8.1.9 Interlocking Spurs

8.1.10 Meanders

8.1.11 Floodplains

8.1.12 Levees

8.1.13 Case Study: River Tees

8.2 Rivers & Flooding

8.2.1 Flood Risk Factors

8.2.2 Flood Management: Hard Engineering

8.2.3 Flood Management: Soft Engineering

8.2.4 Flooding Case Study: Boscastle

8.2.5 Flooding Case Study: Consequences of Boscastle

8.2.6 Flooding Case Study: Responses to Boscastle

8.2.7 Flooding Case Study: Bangladesh

8.2.8 End of Topic Test - Rivers

8.2.9 Rivers Case Study: The Nile

8.2.10 Rivers Case Study: The Mississippi

9.1 Formation of Coastal Landforms

9.1.1 Weathering

9.1.2 Erosion

9.1.3 Headlands & Bays

9.1.4 Caves, Arches & Stacks

9.1.5 Wave-Cut Platforms & Cliffs

9.1.6 Waves

9.1.7 Longshore Drift

9.1.8 Coastal Deposition

9.1.9 Spits, Bars & Sand Dunes

9.2 Coast Management

9.2.1 Management Strategies for Coastal Erosion

9.2.2 Case Study: The Holderness Coast

9.2.3 Case Study: Lyme Regis

9.2.4 End of Topic Test - Coasts

10 Glaciers

10.1 Overview of Glaciers & How They Work

10.1.1 Distribution of Glaciers

10.1.2 Types of Glaciers

10.1.3 The Last Ice Age

10.1.4 Formation & Movement of Glaciers

10.1.5 Shaping of Landscapes by Glaciers

10.1.6 Glacial Landforms Created by Erosion

10.1.7 Glacial Till & Outwash Plain

10.1.8 Moraines

10.1.9 Drumlins & Erratics

10.1.10 End of Topic Tests - Glaciers

10.1.11 Tourism in Glacial Landscapes

10.1.12 Strategies for Coping with Tourists

10.1.13 Case Study - Lake District: Tourism

10.1.14 Case Study - Lake District: Management

11 Tectonics

11.1 Continental Drift & Plate Tectonics

11.1.1 The Theory of Plate Tectonics

11.1.2 The Structure of the Earth

11.1.3 Tectonic Plates

11.1.4 Plate Margins

11.2 Volcanoes

11.2.1 Volcanoes & Their Products

11.2.2 The Development of Volcanoes

11.2.3 Living Near Volcanoes

11.3 Earthquakes

11.3.1 Overview of Earthquakes

11.3.2 Consequences of Earthquakes

11.3.3 Case Study: Christchurch, New Zealand Earthquake

11.4 Tsunamis

11.4.1 Formation of Tsunamis

11.4.2 Case Study: Japan 2010 Tsunami

11.5 Managing the Risk of Volcanoes & Earthquakes

11.5.1 Coping With Earthquakes & Volcanoes

11.5.2 End of Topic Test - Tectonics

12 Climate Change

12.1 The Causes & Consequences of Climate Change

12.1.1 Evidence for Climate Change

12.1.2 Natural Causes of Climate Change

12.1.3 Human Causes of Climate Change

12.1.4 The Greenhouse Effect

12.1.5 Effects of Climate Change on the Environment

12.1.6 Effects of Climate Change on People

12.1.7 Climate Change Predictions

12.1.8 Uncertainty About Future Climate Change

12.1.9 Mitigating Against Climate Change

12.1.10 Adapting to Climate Change

12.1.11 Case Study: Bangladesh

13 Global Population & Inequality

13.1 Global Populations

13.1.1 World Population

13.1.2 Population Structure

13.1.3 Ageing Populations

13.1.4 Youthful Populations

13.1.5 Population Control

13.1.6 Mexico to USA Migration

13.1.7 End of Topic Test - Development & Population

14 Urbanisation

14.1 Urbanisation

14.1.1 Rural Characterisitcs

14.1.2 Urban Characteristics

14.1.3 Urbanisation Growth

14.1.4 The Land Use Model

14.1.5 Rural-Urban Pull Factors

14.1.6 Rural-Urban Push Factors

14.1.7 The Impacts of Migration

14.1.8 Challenges of Urban Areas in Developed Countries

14.1.9 Challenges of Urban Areas in Developing Countries

14.1.10 Urban Sustainability

14.1.11 Case Study: China's Urbanisation

14.1.12 Major UK Cities

14.1.13 Urbanisation in the UK

14.1.14 End of Topic Test- Urbanisation

14.1.15 End of Topic Test - Urban Issues

15 Ecosystems

15.1 The Major Biomes

15.1.1 Distribution of Major Biomes

15.1.2 What Affects the Distribution of Biomes?

15.1.3 Biome Features: Tropical Forests

15.1.4 Biome Features: Temperate Forests

15.1.5 Biome Features: Tundra

15.1.6 Biome Features: Deserts

15.1.7 Biome Features: Tropical Grasslands

15.1.8 Biome Features: Temperate Grasslands

15.2 Case Study: The Amazon Rainforest

15.2.1 Interdependence of Rainforest Ecosystems

15.2.2 Nutrient Cycling in Tropical Rainforests

15.2.3 Deforestation in the Amazon

15.2.4 Impacts of Deforestation in the Amazon

15.2.5 Protecting the Amazon

15.2.6 Adaptations of Plants to Rainforests

15.2.7 Adaptations of Animals to Rainforests

16 Life in an Emerging Country

16.1 Case Studies

16.1.1 Mumbai: Opportunities

16.1.2 Mumbai: Challenges

17 Analysis of Africa

17.1 Africa

17.1.1 Desert Biomes in Africa

17.1.2 The Semi-Desert Biome

17.1.3 The Savanna Biome

17.1.4 Overview of Tropical Rainforests

17.1.5 Colonisation History

17.1.6 Population Distribution in Africa

17.1.7 Economic Resources in Africa

17.1.8 Urbanisation in Africa

17.1.9 Africa's Location

17.1.10 Physical Geography of Africa

17.1.11 Desertification in Africa

17.1.12 Reducing the Risk of Desertification

17.1.13 Case Study: The Sahara Desert - Opportunities

17.1.14 Case Study: The Sahara Desert - Development

18 Analysis of India

18.1 India - Physical Geography

18.1.1 Geographical Location of India

18.1.2 Physical Geography of India

18.1.3 India's Climate

18.1.4 Natural Disasters in India

18.1.5 Case Study: The Thar Desert

18.1.6 Case Study: The Thar Desert - Challenges

18.2 India - Human Geography

18.2.1 Population Distribution in India

18.2.2 Urabinsation in India

18.2.3 The History of India

18.2.4 Economic Resources in India

19 Analysis of the Middle East

19.1 The Middle East

19.1.1 Physical Geography of the Middle East

19.1.2 Human Geography of the Middle East

19.1.3 Climate Zones in the Middle East

19.1.4 Climate Comparison with the UK

19.1.5 Oil & Natural Gas in the Middle East

19.1.6 Water in the Middle East

19.1.7 Population of the Middle East

19.1.8 Development Case Studies: The UAE

19.1.9 Development Case Studies: Yemen

19.1.10 Supporting Development in Yemen

19.1.11 Connection to the UK

19.1.12 Importance of Oil

19.1.13 Oil & Tourism in the UAE

20 Analysis of Bangladesh

20.1 Bangladesh Physical Geography

20.1.1 Location of Bangladesh

20.1.2 Climate of Bangladesh

20.1.3 Rivers in Bangladesh

20.1.4 Flooding in Bangladesh

20.2 Bangladesh Human Geography

20.2.1 Population Structure in Bangladesh

20.2.2 Urbanisation in Bangladesh

20.2.3 Bangladesh's Economy

20.2.4 Energy & Sustainability in Bangladesh

21 Analysis of Russia

21.1 Russia's Physical Geography

21.1.1 Russia's Climate

21.1.2 Russia's Landscape

21.2 Russia's Human Geography

21.2.1 Population of Russia

21.2.2 Russia's Economy

21.2.3 Energy & Sustainability in Russia

Jump to other topics

Unlock your full potential with GoStudent tutoring

Affordable 1:1 tutoring from the comfort of your home

Tutors are matched to your specific learning needs

30+ school subjects covered

Flooding Case Study: Boscastle

Flooding Case Study: Responses to Boscastle