what are the prerequisites for nursing school

What Are the Prerequisites for Nursing School?

Why Nursing School Prerequisites Matter

Common nursing school prerequisites.

• How to Complete Prerequisites

Other Nursing School Prerequisites

You’ve decided to pursue a nursing career — maybe for the chance to practice healthcare and help people in their most vulnerable moments or work in an exciting, high-demand field .

Whatever the reason, nursing education is not easy, nor is getting into nursing school. Although every nursing school has its own entrance requirements, there is substantial overlap among many programs.

This guide will help you understand nursing school prerequisites and the type of academic preparation necessary to apply to nursing school .

Nursing school prerequisites prepare learners with the foundational knowledge they need to become nurses. These introductory physical and social science courses equip students with the fundamental skills nurses need.

Are you ready to earn your online nursing degree?

Whether pursuing an associate or a bachelor’s degree or completing courses online or in person, most accredited institutions have similar coursework to ensure you have the appropriate knowledge and skills to care for patients.

Nursing school requirements vary by degree level and institution. Always check the program’s website for an up-to-date curriculum.

Anatomy and Physiology I and II

This course studies the structure and functions of the human body and introduces students to basic terminology. Topics include the human skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems, and the impact of diseases on certain systems. Students learn to use lab equipment, prepare lab reports, and conduct research and dissection projects. The advanced course covers the human cardiovascular, digestive, respiratory, and urinary systems. Students must take laboratory courses concurrently with lectures.

• Required Semesters: 1-2 semesters
• Example Courses: Introduction to human anatomy and physiology, human anatomy and physiology lab 1, advanced topics in human anatomy and physiology, human anatomy and physiology lab 2

General biology covers the five kingdoms of life, cell structures, taxonomy and reproduction, evolution, ecology, and an introduction to genetics. Introductory biology courses provide nurses with key foundational knowledge. General biology courses also require a laboratory component, which allows students to gain experience handling biological samples.

• Required Semesters: Two semesters
• Example Courses: General biology, biology lab, introduction to biology, foundations of biology

Microbiology

Microbiology focuses on the study of organisms that are not visible to the naked eye (microorganisms), such as bacteria, fungi, and parasites. Courses in microbiology instruct potential nurses on the classification of microorganisms, reproduction of pathogens, the chain of infection, immunology, and human disease. Understanding the behavior of microorganisms and the diseases they can cause provides nurses with insight into how to control and avoid the spread of infection. These courses often include a lab requirement that helps nurses identify and eliminate dangerous microorganisms.

• Required Semesters: One semester with lab
• Example Courses: Elementary microbiology, introductory, microbiology, microbiology lab

Nurses must study chemistry to understand processes in the human body at the cellular level. Chemistry courses introduce prospective registered nurses (RNs) to the structures and properties of atoms, ions, molecules, and biological substances and mixtures (both inorganic and organic). The courses teach students how to write balanced chemical equations for reactions of inorganic, organic, and biological substances. Often taken concurrently with lectures, laboratory components focus on analyzing and reporting experimental data.

• Example Courses: Introduction to chemistry, chemistry for nurses, organic chemistry, chemistry lab

English Composition

Most associate and bachelor’s programs require two semesters of English composition or a similar writing course. Students typically take these courses in the first two semesters. Writing and communication skills form an important part of nursing students’ training. These skills enable nurses to convey information clearly and objectively to patients, physicians, and other healthcare providers. Courses often cover writing skills, such as sentence structure, grammar, and punctuation, critical thinking, and practice in writing research reports.

• Example Courses: English composition I, English composition II, professional writing for nurses, communication and writing for healthcare professionals

Lifespan Growth and Development

This course, often included among the prerequisites for RN programs, presents an overview of human growth from conception to death and how human beings change over the course of their lifespan. Course topics explore biosocial, cognitive, and psychological development at each life stage, emphasizing the connections between heredity and environmental factors.

• Required Semesters: One semester
• Example Courses: Lifespan developmental psychology, human growth and development

Nutrition prerequisites provide a strong grounding in nutritional science and an understanding of the dietary principles that impact the quality of patient care. A basic nutrition course introduces nursing students to the principles of nutrition and nutritional requirements as they relate to changing health needs across the lifespan. Coursework examines food choices and health-related behaviors, prevention of chronic disease, food safety, nutrition challenges in underrepresented communities, and nutrition-related applications in public health settings.

• Example Courses: Fundamentals of nutrition, nutrition science for nurses

Introduction to Psychology

Introductory general psychology explores the basic principles that form the science of psychology. This course focuses on topics like human growth and development, behavior, learning, memory, and intelligence. Course content includes research methods and psychological testing, neuroscience, personality theory and behavioral approaches, social psychology, and psychological disorders and therapeutic treatments.

• Example Courses: General psychology, introduction to psychology, psychology for nurses

Knowledge of statistics helps nurses apply evidence-based practice to patient care delivery. The course prepares students to identify patterns in vital signs and symptoms, adjust the dosage of medications, and evaluate the effectiveness of treatments. Statistics courses also introduce students to the science of collecting, analyzing, and making conclusions from data. Nursing students gain a working understanding of terms, such as mean, median, and mode, and concepts, such as validity and reliability, which are necessary to evaluate research.

• Example Courses: Introduction to statistics, introductory statistics for nurses

How to Complete Nursing School Prerequisites

Prospective nursing students have several options when taking their nursing school prerequisites. They may complete courses before applying to an associate degree in nursing (ADN ) or a bachelor of science in nursing (BSN) program. Some institutions may even allow students to fulfill certain nursing prerequisites while in high school.

Students typically complete prerequisite courses at a community college or university. Many of these programs intentionally design courses so that students can seamlessly transition to nursing school after their completion.

Students with a non-nursing bachelor’s degree can take prerequisites before enrolling in an accelerated BSN program . Upon acceptance, some programs allow students to take their prerequisites with their nursing courses.

Most institutions require applicants to have completed nursing prerequisite courses within five years before submitting their application. Students cover costs out-of-pocket or apply for financial assistance to pay for the courses.

In addition to completing specific courses, students need to meet other prerequisites.

One key requirement is a certain grade point average or GPA. Applicants typically need C-level grades or better for general education and science courses. ADN programs often admit students with an overall high school GPA between 2.5 and 2.75, while BSN degrees require at least a 3.0 GPA. More selective undergraduate programs may require GPAs of 3.25 or higher.

Nursing school programs have become increasingly competitive, so students should aim for grades in the “B” range and higher GPAs.

Nursing schools often ask for a personal essay describing educational and career goals . You can make the essays stand out from the competition by explaining why you want to attend this program, how you became interested in nursing, and what personal or volunteer experiences helped expand your interest in healthcare.

Although many schools no longer require standardized tests, students who score well on the SAT or ACT may submit these results to boost their chances or offset weaknesses in their academic record. Some nursing schools require entrance exams , such as the National League for Nursing Pre-Admission Exam or the Nursing Entrance Test, to determine an applicant’s likelihood of success. Check with your intended schools to learn about any examination requirements.

Frequently Asked Questions About Nursing School Prerequisites

What are the minimum requirements for nursing school.

The minimum requirement for nursing school is that every student complete their prerequisite courses before applying to a nursing program. These include anatomy and physiology I & II, biology, microbiology, chemistry, English composition, introduction to psychology, nutrition, and statistics.

When do you take nursing school prerequisites?

Most students complete their nursing school prerequisites in their first two years of undergraduate study before officially declaring a major. Nursing schools often recommend students have experience in statistics, biology, and chemistry, which students often complete in high school. However, students can also take these courses in the first years of undergraduate study without delaying their acceptance into a nursing program.

What if my GPA is too low for nursing school?

First, identify why your GPA was low. If it was for a specific reason, write a personal statement to explain why it happened and point out your grades outside the event. You also have several other options: Meet with the admission counselor and ask for advice; Repeat your prerequisite classes to raise your GPA; Apply to an associate degree in nursing program with lower GPA requirements; Or become a certified nursing assistant (CNA) and advance your education from there.

What is the hardest nursing prerequisite?

For most students, the hardest prerequisite class is either anatomy or physiology I and II. These courses cover the structure and functions of the human body and how all the systems work. Some aspiring nurses must take the class several times to obtain a passing grade.

Related Pages

Your Guide to Nursing Entrance Exams

Many nursing programs require prospective students to take an exam. There are various nursing entrance exams, including the PAX, TEAS, HESI, Kaplan, and PSB.

Ask a Nurse: What Are the Hardest Classes in Nursing School?

Nursing school consists of tough classes like pharmacology and pathophysiology. Here, nurses chime in on what you can expect when enrolling.

Applying to Nursing School

Are you considering a nursing career or wondering how to apply to nursing school? Now is a great time to get started. Read this guide to learn how to apply to nursing school and choose a program that suits your professional interests.

Career Advice > Professional Development > Nursing School > A Guide to Prereqs for Nursing School

A Guide to Prereqs for Nursing School

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Prereqs for nursing school — short for prerequisites for nursing school — are specific classes that are required to be completed before applying to a nursing program. These courses aren’t random; they are carefully selected to provide a solid academic base , preparing you for what lies ahead. The goal is to ensure that you have all the fundamental knowledge and skills needed to succeed as a nursing student .

This guide is your go-to resource for nursing school prerequisites. We’ll discuss what they are, which courses nursing schools require, and delve into other admission requirements to equip you with everything you need to apply to your chosen academic program .

What Are Prerequisites for Nursing School?

You can think about prerequisites as the crucial foundation for your journey into nursing school. The specific list and the exact number of prerequisites will vary depending on your educational background and your chosen program — nursing school requirements vary from institution to institution.

If you have a previous degree in a non-nursing field , some classes might be waived. Here are common prereqs for nursing school courses that future nurses are often required to take.

Overview of Prereqs for Nursing

1. anatomy and physiology i and ii.

What’s it about?

This class focuses on the structure (anatomy) and function (physiology) of the human body. It explores how different systems work together to maintain life and often includes laboratory components where you’ll gain hands-on experience, such as anatomical dissections, physiological experiments, and the use of medical instruments.

How many credits?

The credits may differ between schools, but usually, both classes with their labs sum up to around 8 credits.

How long will it take to complete?

It could take two semesters to complete both classes with labs.

2. Microbiology

Microbiology explores the world of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa. The course covers topics such as microbial morphology, physiology, genetics, and ecology. The laboratory component allows you to cultivate, observe, and analyze microorganisms.

Typically, this course is worth 4 credits with a lab.

One semester.

3. Human Growth and Development

This course reviews stages of human development from infancy to old age. You’ll learn the factors influencing growth, including genetics, environment, and cultural context . Topics may include prenatal development, childhood milestones, adolescence, adulthood, and aging.

Typically, this course is worth 3 credits.

4. College Algebra or Statistics

In college algebra, you’ll explore fundamental algebraic concepts, including equations, inequalities, functions, and polynomial expressions. Statistics introduces you to the principles of collecting, analyzing, and interpreting data. Both courses play a crucial role in developing quantitative reasoning skills and strengthening problem-solving abilities.

Typically, each course is worth 3 credits.

5. Nutrition

In this course, you’ll examine the roles of macronutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, and fats) and micronutrients (vitamins and minerals) in maintaining health. Topics include digestion, absorption, metabolism, and the physiological effects of different nutrients. You’ll also study the relationship between nutrition and various health conditions, highlighting the importance of a balanced diet for disease prevention.

6. Chemistry

This course provides a foundation for understanding the world at the molecular level. Topics covered include atomic structure, chemical bonding, and reactions. Through laboratory work, you’ll gain hands-on experience in conducting experiments, making observations, and analyzing results.

7. Psychology

This course delves into the fundamental principles and theories that shape our understanding of mental processes, emotions, and actions. You’ll explore topics such as cognitive processes, personality development, and psychological disorders, and gain insight into the factors influencing human behavior.

8. Sociology

Sociology explores how society shapes individuals and how individuals shape society. You’ll examine social institutions, relationships, cultures, and the forces that influence human behavior within a collective context.

9. Pathophysiology

Pathophysiology class delves into the study of how diseases or disorders affect the normal functioning of the body. In this course, you’ll learn to understand the root causes of health issues and gain insights into the connections between cellular changes and the manifestation of diseases.

10. English Writing

What is it about?

This course is all about exploring the art of clear and impactful writing. It covers essay organization, grammar, and style, to help you convey your ideas effectively.

Other Nursing School Necessities

In addition to completing prereqs for nursing, applying and getting accepted to a program often involves meeting several other requirements, such as:

• Admission exam
• Letters of recommendation
• Clinical experience
• CPR certification
• Background check and drug screening
• Health and immunization records
• Writing sample, motivational letter , or personal statement

It’s important to thoroughly review the admission packet of the specific nursing programs you are interested in, as application instructions can vary.

Prereqs for Nursing: FAQ

How long does it take to complete prerequisite courses.

On average, completing all nursing school prerequisites may take approximately one to two years, depending on the specific requirements and scheduling.

Where can I take prerequisite courses for nursing?

You can take nursing prereqs at community college, university, or in online settings for flexibility. Check in with your admission counselor to make sure the courses you’ve selected align with the requirements of your chosen nursing program.

How many prerequisites are needed for nursing?

The number of prerequisites needed for nursing typically falls within the range of 5 to 15 courses, but this can vary based on the specific requirements of the nursing program you choose.

Can I transfer prerequisite credits from another institution?

Yes, it is often possible to transfer credits. However, every institution has its own transfer credit policies. Check with the specific school for details. And if you’re already in nursing school and looking to make a switch, learn more in our guide to transferring nursing schools .

Are there online schools for nursing prerequisites?

Yes, many nursing schools accept online courses for prerequisite requirements. However, courses with lab components might not be available in an online format. Confirm with your nursing program to ensure your selected online courses meet their criteria.

What GPA is typically required for prerequisite courses?

The GPA required for prerequisite courses can vary, but many nursing programs typically look for a competitive GPA of 3.0 or higher . However, a higher GPA can enhance your application.

Can I retake prereqs for nursing school to improve my grades?

Many nursing programs allow students to retake prerequisite courses to improve grades. However, policies can differ, and some schools may have restrictions on the number of retakes or how they factor into the overall application.

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